Answer:
Increased exposure to X-rays
Explanation:
X-rays shoot harmful radiation through your body, that's why when you go to the dentist or other places and they take a X-ray they give you a lead vest to protect your organs from unneeded radiation.
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Answer:
Chloroplast
Explanation:
This organelle in cells indicates that an organism can harness energy from the sun and other abiotic factors like carbon dioxide to make their own ‘food’. Chroloplasts have chlorophyl piments that contains photosystems centers that harness energy from the sun for photosynthesis. This light energy from the sun is captured and transferred in chemical bonds of manufactured carbohydrates which are stored in the plants. These plants transfer this energy in an ecosystem when they are consumed by higher organisms in the food chain.
Darwin's theory of Natural Selection
Answer:
the Archaea, the Bacteria, and the Eukarya.
Explanation:
Answer:
a. The directionality of the complementary strand is antiparallel. The double-stranded DNA is antiparallel comprising two strands, which run alongside each other, however, point in reverse directions. In a double-stranded molecule of DNA, the 5 prime ends of one strand align with the 3 prime ends of the other strand, and vice versa.
b. The mediation of base pairing is done by non-covalent hydrogen bonds. It is reversible, that is, the strands can separate and can come combined again without any chemical modification.
The specificity of base pairing is illustrated by hydrogen bonds that is, the first strand produces hydrogen bonds only with a particular base in the second strand, and these two bases produce a base-pair.
c. The interaction or association of non-covalent type, that is, hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding. Collectively, they both are strong. In the process, one base associate with the other base on the complementary strand.
d. The phosphate backbone possesses the tendency to associate with water on the outside of the molecule, and this is favorable chemically as both the strands are held together by hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction.
The polar molecules of sugar can produce hydrogen bonds with the surrounding molecules of water. The negatively charged phosphate group associate with the positively charged ions. The nonpolar nitrogen bases are found within the molecule and associate favorably through stacking interactions.
