Which of the following describes the role of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in hormone response? A. cAMP receives messages from mRNA to begin
protein synthesis. B. cAMP opens a pore for steroid hormones to enter the nucleus. C. cAMP are molecules that bind and captures the nonsteroid hormone. D. cAMP receives a message from a nonsteroid hormone and carries the message into the cell.
Hormones are bigger than the cell pores hence cannot pass through the cell membrane to influence biochemical processes. Therefore, hormones (such as glucagon and insulin) bind onto receptors on the cell membrane, then transmembrane proteins, such as the G-protein, change conformation activating the secondary messengers inside of the cell. Cyclic- AMP is a major secondary messenger significant in activating protein kinases.
This process would be the one truly responsible for the "evolution" of mitochondria and chloroplasts as we know them from their prokaryotic ancestors. The cell process that would have initiated endosymbiosis is endocytosis; the process of taking things inside the cell
