Answer:
Protons: Found in Nucleus, +1
Neutrons: Found in Nucleus, Electrically Neutral
Electrons: Found in Orbitals, -1
Explanation:
Answer and Explanation:
Mutation:
It is the sudden variation that occurs in the sequence of our DNA either due to factors related to environment or mistakenly. These are inheritable changes in our genes.
Effects:
a. It results in the ability of an organism to adapt to the environmental variations.
b. It can also cause disorders and diseases in an organism.
c. It results in the evolution of organisms.
d. It also results in the variation in an organisms' phenotype.
d. It helps to carry out scientific research.
Patterns of Inheritance:
The inheritance in mutation only occurs when it is in germ cells which leads to the production of gametes and this mutation is known as germ line mutation.
Data analysis:
As only few cells are effected mostly in mutation it can not be detected.
Answer:
PFK (protein): cytoplasm only (targeting pathway)
Insulin (protein): ER->Golgi->outside cell
Explanation:
Translation can be described as the mechanism by which a protein is produced through a mRNA.
If a particular protein is to function inside the same cell, then it doesn't need to get any modification so that it can travel outside the cell. Such type of proteins are translated on free cytoplasmic ribosomes and are released directly into the cytoplasm to perform their function. For example, PFK protein.
If a protein has to function outside the cell where it is produced, then it has to be modified. Such type or proteins are translated on the rough ER. They are then modified in the Golgi complex and then transported outside the cell to the area where they have to function. For example, insulin.
Answer: The maximum number of amino acids that could be coded is 2
Explanation:
- A codon in this microorganism is 2 bases instead of 3 bases .
- In order to encode a protein a sequence requires a start and stop codon
- If you assume no start codon: then only 2 bases would make up the stop codon.
- This leaves 4 bases which is 2 codons. This would encode 2 amino acids.
- If you assume a start and stop codon, then each codon would be allocated 2 base pairs each = 4 base pairs
- This only leaves 2 base pairs, a single codon which would only code for 1 amino acid
Answer:
In a scenario in which I have to synthesize a cell and decide why I have to pick one from Prokaryotic or eukaryotic because of their differences in the speed of the process. The characteristics that make it faster in prokaryotic cells are:
The primary transcript in prokaryotes does not undero further processing, so transation can begin immediatly.
Multiple proteins can be synthetized from a single polycistronic MRNA molecule.
Prokaryotes lack a nuclear envelope, so translation can begin on mRNA even before transcription of the mRNA is complete.
Explanation:
The nature of Prokaryotes makes them undergo the synthesizing process quicker than Eukaryotes because they don't require a preliminary process to start it as Eukaryotes have to undergo one. This is because their composition, Eukaryotes are cells without many organelles like mitochondria or even nucleus. this is also the reason for eukaryotes to be slower in the process of synthesizing mRNA because they don't have organelles to process it faster. Finally, because they don't have a nucleus to help them assimilate the mRNA.
