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Norma-Jean [14]
3 years ago
6

How could the knowledge of cell division and cell differentiation help humans ?

Biology
2 answers:
aleksandr82 [10.1K]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

ExpThe study of the cell cycle focuses on mechanisms that regulate the timing and frequency of DNA duplication and cell division. As a biological concept, the cell cycle is defined as the period between successive divisions of a cell. During this period, the contents of the cell must be accurately replicated. Microscopists had known about cell division for more than one hundred years, but not until the 1950s, through the pioneering work of Alma Howard and Stephen Pelc, did they become aware that DNA replication took place only at a specific phase of the cell cycle and that this phase was clearly separated from mitosis. Howard and Pelc's work in the broad bean, Vicia faba, revealed that the cell goes through many discrete phases before and after cell division. From this understanding, scientists then identified the four characteristic phases of the cell cycle: mitosis (M), gap 1 (G1), DNA synthesis (S), and gap 2 (G2). The study of these phases, the proteins that regulate them, and the complex biochemical interactions that stop or start DNA replication and cell division (cytokinesis) are the primary concerns of cell cycle biologists.

The most significant progress in this research field came with the demonstration that specific protein complexes involving cyclins were critical for regulating the passage of cells through the cell cycle. These early observations came from biological studies of the cells of rapidly dividing fertilized frog eggs as well as mutant yeast cells that could not divide. The observations suggested that regulation of the cell cycle is conserved throughout eukaryotes, which has since proved to be the case. The mechanism of division in bacteria differs from that of eukaryotes, and the control of their cell cycle is also somewhat different, although again it is linked with DNA replication.

Although the cell cycle is a highly integrated process, distinct areas of interest within this field of study have emerged. For instance, many genes and proteins that influence the passage from one phase of the cell cycle to another have been identified. When their expression is altered by mutation or aberrant regulation, they are usually classed as oncogenes. Other proteins act to hold the cell at distinct points in the cycle (checkpoints) and are known as tumor suppressor genes. Apart from those with a clearly regulatory role, many proteins have important functions in other aspects of the cell cycle; one is replication of DNA and organelles, which is a fascinating process that includes its own repair mechanisms and self-editing. Other fields focus primarily on the mechanical processes of cell cleavage into two daughter cells at the end of mitosis and on the condensation and decondensation of chromatin.

lanation:

KengaRu [80]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

The cells are a huge part of our health. Scientists noticed that cells divide over a period of time. This is because if a cell died another cell would come in  so we don't die. Cell differentiation helps by if you need another cell, cell differentiation helps and makes place for that cell you needed.

(I'm sorry if this is incorrect)

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Answer the following?
exis [7]

Answer: ° Pop Beads represent two pair of homologous sister chromatids.

° In terms of number and kinds of chromosomes, Chromosomes number will be the same, Also Similarity of genetic information will be the same.

°Interphase

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telephase

° In terms of number and kinds of chromosomes; resulting cells will resemble only half of the chromosome. Also, there will not be exact correspondence in similarity of genetic information as their parents.

° Haploid Cells (n) are cells that contains a single set of chromosomes e.g sex cells (egg or sperm cell)

Diploid cells (2n) are cells that contains two set of homologous chromosomes. A vivid example of these are the somatic cells.

° Chromosomes are replicated only once in meiosis.

° Chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles in meiosis only twice.

° Crossing Over also known as genetic recombination can be defined as the exchange of genetic materials between two homologous chromosomes non sister chromatids which pair up to form recombinant chromosomes.

Explanation:

Since we have questions with multiple attachments, repetition of words will be avoided and those that need explanation will be our focus.

1° When we hear Pop Beads, it's pertinent to think biologically that Pop Beads are used in tracking chromosomal DNA movements in Cell Division.

Thus, Pop Beads represent extensions of homologous Sister Chromatids

2° Let's recall : that both diploid and haploid cells can undergo mitosis. Mitosis is a division of a cell nucleus in which the genome is copied and separated into two identical halves. Hence, in terms of numbers and kinds of chromosomes; if (for example) a diploid cell undergoes mitosis, the resulting cells will be two identical diploid cells i.e (2n = 2n).

Therefore, chromosomal number and genetic information will be the same.

4° In meiosis, cell division occurs that reduces the chromosomes number by half, giving rise to four haploid cells, each genetically different from their original (parent) cells.

Hence, in terms of numbers and kind of chromosomes, the resulting cells will produce half of the chromosomes. Also, genetic information will differ from their original cells.

6° If we look at what Chromosomal replication is, we'll realize that: it's a biological process of producing two identical replicas of chromosomes from one original chromosomal molecule.

In meiosis, chromosomal replication occur "ONCE" . But there are two rounds of cell division. (Meiosis 1) where exchange of genetic information of takes place and (Mieosis 11) where daughter cells divides and splits up into sister chromatids to form haploid gametes.

7° Like we said earlier, Chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles in meiosis only "TWICE".

The first occurs at (ANAPHASE 1), when a pair of chromosomes are pulled apart by meiotic spindle, which in turns pulls one chromosome to one pole of the cell and the other chromosomes to the opposite pole.

In (meiosis 11), Chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles at (ANAPHASE 11); when daughter cells line up along the equator and centrioles are now at opposite pole creating avenue for meiotic spindle fibre to attach to each sister chromatids at ends of each poles.

4 0
3 years ago
Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption is the extra amount of oxygen consumed after the completion of exercise and before respi
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The extra oxygen is used to restore muscle fibers to their pre-exercise state by doing all of the following except facilitating calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the muscle fiber. Thus, the correct option is B.

<h3>What is Respiration?</h3>

Respiration may be defined as the process of acquiring oxygen from outside the body and utilizing it in the process of breakdown of food sources for cellular needs.

The extra oxygen works in the muscle fiber by replenishing the ATP, restocking the myoglobin, and supplying the ATP used to replenish glycogen stores in the muscle fiber.

Therefore, the correct option for this question is B.

To learn more about Respiration, refer to the link;

brainly.com/question/18169685

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5 0
2 years ago
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How does cell wall help make a protein?
777dan777 [17]

Answer:

The cell wall sends signals for the cell to enter the cell cycle in order to divine and grow

Explanation:

The cell wall is porous allowing some substances, including proteins, to pass into the cell while keeping other substances out

7 0
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Viruses have two main structures: a(n) _____ and genetic material.
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These viral particles, also known as virions, consist of two or three parts: the genetic material made from either DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information, a protein coat, called the capsid, which surrounds and protects the genetic material.


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