Answer:
Potential targets:
1- DNA methyltransferases
2- Chromatin modifiers such as histone acetyltransferases, histone deacetylases, histone methyltransferases, etc.
3- Components of the RNA interference (RNAi) machinery such as Dicer, Argonaute, etc.
Explanation:
Epigenetics can be defined as the study of any heritable change in the phenotype that does not involve modifications in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms can be classified into three major types: 1-DNA methylation, 2-histone modifications (e.g., acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, etc), and 3-regulatory non-coding RNAs (e.g., miRNAs, lncRNAs, siRNAs, etc) that modulate target gene expression via the RNA interference pathway. There are different types of proteins that are involved in these complex epigenetic mechanisms, and those cited above represent only some examples that can be used as therapeutic targets.
The genetic code defines how codons, sequences of nucleotide triplets, specify which amino acid will be added next during process of translation (protein synthesis).
The genetic code is universal among organisms. That means that the same codons code for the same amino acids in different organisms.
It is known which amino acids are coded by which codons. If we know sequences of amino acids, we then also know sequences of nucleotides in DNA/RNA. If we know DNA/RNA sequences we can then reveal relationships among different organism by compering similarities in those sequences.
One animal that has greatly benefited form natural selection is the giraffe. It's neck has grew longer and longer so that they can reach the leaves on the top of trees.
Answer:
Major cell parts function just like the structures and people who work together in a factory. Cells have strong cell walls and a cytoskeleton to keep their shape; the walls are made of fiber for protection just like a factory building has sturdy walls for support.
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