Cellular respiration includes following 3 processes:
1) Glycolysis
2) Citric acid cycle or TCA or Kreb's cycle
3) Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
In glycolysis, a 3 carbon compound known as pyruvate is produced from glucose. Each glucose molecule produces 2 pyruvate molecules. Each pyruvate molecule then enters a complex known as Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex wherein the pyruvate molecule further undergoes oxidative decarboxylation to produce a 2 carbon compound known as Acetyl-CoA.
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The Acetyl-CoA then enters citric acid cycle or TCA or Kreb's cycle wherein this Acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate are oxidized to produce CO₂ molecules in eight steps. Each glucose molecule is capable of producing six CO₂ after the completion of citric acid cycle. Since one glucose molecule produces 2 pyruvate molecules then it means <u>a pyruvate molecule will be able to produce three CO₂.</u>
Two pyruvate molecules enters into the citric acid cycle and during the stage of pyruvate oxidation , one carboxyl molecules detaches from each pyurvate group thereby forming carbon dioxide and leaving behind a molecule consisting of two carbon for further processes. Hence, in one complete CAC two carbon dioxide molecules are released from two pyruvate molecule. This means that One pyruvate molecule will generate one molecules of CO2 after completing the citric acid cycle
New species can appear gradually through small changes in an ancestral species.
Explanation:
The new species that appear are due to hereditary variations that occur in a population. The adaptive variations are said to confer a selective advantage to organisms possessing them. The result of variations is that well adapted individuals are able to survive and reach the reproductive age and pass over their favourable characteristics to their offspring.
A woman creates new immature ova in the ovary each time she has a menstrual cycle.
Explanation:
During the menstrual cycle, hormones present in the body make the immature eggs 'mature' ones, in the ovary. About in half of the cycle, hormones make the release of the mature egg from the ovary and travels towards uterus. It can remain there for 24 hours and if not fertilized the it breaks down and released out.
The bottleneck effect, also known as a population bottleneck or genetic bottleneck, is defined as sharp reduction of a species population that occurs either by environmental effects or as a consequence of human activities. The dramatical crash the that population of American bison had due to hunting and other problems is an example of a species suffering the bottleneck effect.
The care team would recognize that this patient faces the risk of ACUTE FULMINANT HEPATITIS. Fulminant hepatic failure refers generally to the development of encephalopathy within 8 weeks of the onset of symptoms in a patient with a previously healthy liver. It results in severe impairment of the hepatic functions.
