Cell surface or membrane is made of phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins and sugars. Cell membrane acts as a barrier between cell and its external environment but it is also responsible for the communication with other cells and transport of molecules inside and outside the cell. It is selectively permeable to ions and molecules (some of them pass through the membrane easily, while others require transport proteins or channels). There are 4 ways of molecule transport:
1. Diffusion – no energy required
2. Facilitated transport – transport proteins included
3. Active and co-transport – energy required
4. Vesicle transport (exocytosis and endocytosis)
Microvilli are extensions of cell membrane that increase its surface for diffusion.
Different types of cell junctions have a different influence on the membrane transport. For example, tight junctions are a barrier and the molecules are unable to pass through.
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<em>P</em><em>ulmonary circulation pumps deoxygenated blood through the pulmonary artery. This artery divides above the heart into two branches, to the right and left lungs, where the arteries further subdivide into smaller and smaller branches until the capillaries in the pulmonary air sacs (alveoli) are reached.</em>
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Three of the major characteristics used to classify organisms are cell structure, mode of nutrition and cellularity. These characteristics help scientists determine how organisms are similar to each other as well as how they are different from each other.
The inside of your nose is called the nasal cavity. A mucous membrane lines your nasal cavity and it helps keep your nose moist. Little hairs inside your nasal cavity help filter the air you breathe in and block dirt and dust from getting into your lungs.
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