Somatic cell chromosomes (body cells) are in pairs. if you mean 12 chromosomes,Then there will be 6 pairs, groups of two, chromosomes. The gamete (aka sex cell) will thus contain 6 chromosomes.
One chromosome from each pair ends up in one gamete, normally.
Replication occurs in three major steps: the opening of the double helix and separation of the DNA strands, the priming of the template strand, and the assembly of the new DNA segment. During separation, the two strands of the DNA double helix uncoil at a specific location called the origin.
Reproduction, growth, renewal and repair are all reasons for cell division in multicellular organisms.
Cell division is a process that allows a parent cell divides into more smaller cells. It is classified as mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis produces diploid cells that will be used for growth or repairing tissue. Meiosis will produce gamete that has a role in reproduction.
Answer:
Prions are abnormally shaped proteins that cause spongiform encephalopathies. (Ans C)
Explanation:
Prions : Prions are proteinaceous infectious particle or misfolded proteins with the ability to transmit their misfolded shape into normal shape protein. They are also responsible for some neurodegenerative diseases in mammals. They can affect both animals as well as humans.
Prion disease occurs when normal prion protein (present on the surface of many cells) becomes clump (abnormal) in the brain. This accumulation of abnormal protein in the brain can cause disease.
Spongiform encephalopathies also called prion disease. Spongiform encephalopathies affect the nervous system and brain of animals & humans. It is caused by a degeneration of brain tissues giving it a spongy appearance.