Earthworms have no special respiratory organs. Gases are exchanged through the moist skin and capillaries
Estos tipos de cáncer se desarrollan en los glóbulos (células sanguíneas) o en otras células del cuerpo.
A purple-flowered plant that
carries two different color traits such as purple and white is heterozygous.
Heterozygous<span> means that an organism has two different
alleles of a gene. </span>I am hoping that this answer has satisfied
your query and it will be able to help you in your endeavor, and if you would
like, feel free to ask another question.
Answer: These may be:
- physical defenses (1st line)
- chemical defenses (2nd line)
Explanation:
Plants employ several methods in order to defend themselves from pathogens. These may be physical defenses or chemical ones. Several have adaptations to their surfaces that prevent the entry of pathogens, called physical barriers such as
- thick waxy cuticles
- thorns, which are modified plant branches
- spines, which are modified plant leaves
- gall production at infected sites to prevent pathogenic spread
Chemical defenses include the production or secretion of:
- defensins
- antimicrobials such as tannins or resins
- gum at areas facing pathogenic attacks
