Answer:
DNA ligase
Explanation:
DNA replication is a process whereby a particular DNA makes a copy of or synthesizes itself. It consists of several steps with some important enzymes for successful, error free replication. The various steps are as follows;
- Unwinding of the double helix structure of the DNA and formation of replication fork. The enzyme involved here is the DNA helicase.
- Primer, a short piece of RNA becomes synthesized and binds to the 3' end of one of the 2 strands of the DNA, the leading strand. The enzyme involved is the DNA primase.
- Replication of the <em>leading strand</em> then proceeds with the elongation of the primer through the addition of bases in the 5' to 3' direction leading to the formation of continuous strands.
- The other strand of the DNA, known as the <em>lagging strand </em>starts its own replication by binding with multiple primers at different regions of the strand. Bases are then added to each primer leading to the formation of several, short discontinuous DNA strands known as Okazaki fragments. The enzyme involved in the elongation process is the DNA polymerase.
- Next is the termination of the replication process after the formation of the continuous and discontinuous strands. Exonuclease enzyme removes primers from the synthesized strands. Primers are replaced by appropriate DNA bases and the Okazaki fragments are joined to form a unified DNA strand by an enzyme known as the DNA ligase.
The many, few nucleotides long DNA segments observed by the Biochemist are the Okazaki fragments that should have been joined together by the DNA ligase.
Hence, DNA ligase must have been the component left of the mixture.
Answer:
Placer mining can be less damaging to the environment than surface mines, as the sediment is returned to the water after the minerals have been extracted.
Explanation:
Answer: Option D.
After recovery from general anesthesia.
Explanation:
Wind up in animals is a situation whereby there is increase in pain on the affected area due to high stimulus that is given above the normal level. These is caused by continuous stimulation of group c peripheral nerve fibres of the nervous system.
Wind up occur in animals after recovery from general anesthesia because the peripheral nerve fibres are continuously stimulated to cause windup.
Answer:
because in speech noone can tell anything while talking
Answer:
True
Explanation:
A mutation is any alteration in the genetic sequence of the genome of a particular organism. Mutations in the germline (i.e., gametes) can pass to the next generation, thereby these mutations can increase their frequency in the population if they are beneficial or 'adaptive' for the organism in the environment in which the organism lives (in this case, an insect/bug). The mutation rate can be defined as the probability of mutations in a single gene/<em>locus</em>/organism over time. Mutation rates are highly variable and they depend on the organism/cell that suffers the mutation (e.g., prokaryotic cells are more prone to suffer mutations compared to eukaryotic cells), type of mutations (e.g., point mutations, fragment deletions, etc), type of genetic sequence (e.g., mitochondrial DNA sequences are more prone to suffer mutations compared to nuclear DNA), type of cell (multicellular organisms), stage of development, etc. Thus, the mutation rate is the frequency by which a genetic sequence changes from the wild-type to a 'mutant' variant, which is often indicated as the number of mutations <em>per</em> round of replication, <em>per</em> gamete, <em>per</em> cell division, etc. In a single gene sequence, the mutation rate can be estimated as the number of <em>de novo</em> mutations per nucleotide <em>per</em> generation. For example, in humans, the mutation rate ranges from 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻⁶ <em>per </em>gene <em>per</em> generation.
