13 An Ionic Bond
these are the characteristics of an ionic bond compounds like NaCl have these characteristics
14 substances could be compounds or elements hence not all substances are compounds
15 It is not water. The chemical composition of water is H2O not H202
(H202 is hydrogen peroxide and is toxic)
It has more density when it sinks because the water pushes away thats why people float they are less dense
The freezing point depression is a colligative property, which means that it depends on the number of particles of solute disolved in the solution.
When you have solutes that are ionic compounds they dissociate in water into ions, then the compound that dissociates more ions will produce more particles and will decrease the freezing point the most.
Given theses aqueous solutions Na2 CO3, Co Cl3, and Li NO3 you can predict the order of the freezing points.
First, write the dissociation equations>
Na2CO3 -> 2Na(+) + CO3 (2-) These are 3 ions: two of Na(+) and one of CO3(2-)
The number inside parenthesis are number of charge not number of molecules.
Co Cl3 -> Co(3+) + 3 Cl (1-) Those are 4 ions: one of Co (+) and three of Cl (-)
Li NO3 -> Li (+) + NO3 (-) those are two ions: one of Li (+) and one of NO3(-)
Then the ionic compound that dissociates into more ions give the solution with lower freezing point, and these is the rank from higher to lower freezing point:
Li NO3 > Na2 CO3 > Co Cl3.
Two elements have similiar characteristics when they belong to the same family that means that have placed in the same column of the periodic table. So in other words, Helium and Radon are very similar because they are in the same column. Let me know if you need others :)
