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swat32
3 years ago
14

A bag contains 26 tiles, each marked with a different letter of the alphabet. What is the probability of being able to spell the

word math with four randomly selected tiles that are taken from the bag all at the same time?
Mathematics
1 answer:
stealth61 [152]3 years ago
7 0
26P4 is fine to start but needs to be adjusted

26P4
-------=26C4
4!
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Use the method of lagrange multipliers to find
Yanka [14]

Answer:

a) The function is: f(x, y) = x + y.

The constraint is: x*y = 196.

Remember that we must write the constraint as:

g(x, y) = x*y - 196 = 0

Then we have:

L(x, y, λ) = f(x, y) +  λ*g(x, y)

L(x, y,  λ) = x + y +  λ*(x*y - 196)

Now, let's compute the partial derivations, those must be zero.

dL/dx =  λ*y + 1

dL/dy =  λ*x + 1

dL/dλ = (x*y - 196)

Those must be equal to zero, then we have a system of equations:

λ*y + 1 = 0

λ*x + 1 = 0

(x*y - 196) = 0

Let's solve this, in the first equation we can isolate  λ to get:

λ = -1/y

Now we can replace this in the second equation and get;

-x/y + 1 = 0

Now let's isolate x.

x = y

Now we can replace this in the last equation, and we will get:

(x*x - 196) = 0

x^2 = 196

x = √196 = 14

then the minimum will be:

x + y = x + x = 14 + 14 = 28.

b) Now we have:

f(x) = x*y

g(x) = x + y - 196

Let's do the same as before:

L(x, y, λ) = f(x, y) +  λ*g(x, y)

L(x, y, λ) = x*y +  λ*(x + y - 196)

Now let's do the derivations:

dL/dx = y + λ

dL/dy = x + λ

dL/dλ = x + y - 196

Now we have the system of equations:

y + λ = 0

x + λ = 0

x + y - 196 = 0

To solve it, we can isolate lambda in the first equation to get:

λ = -y

Now we can replace this in the second equation:

x - y = 0

Now we can isolate x:

x = y

now we can replace that in the last equation

y + y - 196 = 0

2*y - 196 = 0

2*y = 196

y = 196/2 = 98

The maximum will be:

x*y = y*y = 98*98 = 9,604

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