Answer:
Second two party system (1828 - 1854)
Explanation:
The Second Party System refers to a political system in the United States between 1828 and 1854, which was characterized by the dominance of two parties, the Democratic and the Whig parties, as well as an increase in citizen participation in politics and elections.
The First Party System, which existed roughly between 1792 - 1824, collapsed during the presidential elections of 1824 with the split of the then ruling Democratic-Republican party, with 4 candidates of the same party running for president. In the years between both systems, political parties pretty much disappeared from the public eye. However, Andrew Jackson, who was a very popular politician, created the Democratic Party and won the 1828 presidential election. The creation of the Whig Party in 1832 gave rise to the other element of the Second Party System.
However, the New Republican Party, which remained a minor party during much of this time, finally rose to prominence after the collapse of the Whig Party in 1852. By this time, the Third Party System, which existed until the end of the century, was characterized by the dominance of the New Republican and Democratic parties.
<span>Some people in the late 1800s believed that to improve the situation of Native Americans, they could assimilate into American culture as citizens and landowners. This would break up the reservations into individual allotments where families could then support themselves. </span>
Answer: Adam Smith
Scottish philosopher Adam Smith (1723-1790) was strongly critical of the economic system that prevailed in his era. Smith criticized what he called the "mercantile system" because it restricted trade and thus restricted economic growth. The mercantile system believed the wealth of the world was a fixed amount, measured primarily in gold and silver accumulated. The system promoted a nation selling its products abroad but not needing to buy from others, or imposing heavy tariffs if importing anything. Colonies were created to provide raw materials and resources to the mother country and a market for the mother country's products. Commerce was heavily controlled by the government through charters granted to specific trading companies.
Adam Smith countered by advocating a free market -- the opportunity individual businessmen and for all nations to increase their wealth by exchanging goods freely with one another according to what would become known as capitalist principles. We also speak of <em>"laissez-faire"</em> ("let go") as a term for this sort of free-market economy, set free from government controls. This term came from a French group of thinkers called the Physiocrats (meaning "rule by nature') who were working during the same 18th century era as Smith. The Physiocrats and Smith were in agreement about getting government out of the business of controlling business.
