The kidney is considered a major homeostatic organ because it maintains the balance of water, ions, and electrolytes in the blood.
Kidneys extract wastes and excess fluid from the body, kidneys also remove acid that is created by the cells in the body and sustain a healthy equilibrium of salts, water, and minerals like sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus in the blood.
Each kidney consists of almost a million filtering units called nephrons. Every nephron has a filter, called the tubule, and a glomerulus. The nephrons function via a two-step process, the glomerulus purifies the blood, and the tubule returns required substances to the blood and clears wastes.
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The two new strands are different from each other ,both of them have only one strand from the original DNA and the other strand is complementary . eg if a strand has the following base pairs .. AACCGGT ( consider this as the strands)
TTGGCCA
now they are going to be seperated AACCGGT TTGGCCA
TTGGCCT AACCGGT
as u can see the two NEW strands formed are similar but NOT IDENTICAL to each other .
Answer:
ACA: Threonine
CAC: Histidine
Explanation:
To answer this question we need to remember that the ribosome reads every three bases or 'codon' in order to assign the right tRNA carrying the amino acid.
In the first artificial mRNA we see two patterns of three letter:
CAC and ACA.
In the second artificial mRNA we are able to identify three different patterns:
CAA
AAC
ACA
And they repeat, so we end with three different polypeptides: polythreonine, polyglutamine and polyasparagine. This will depend on the initial letter the ribosome starts reading.
The only amino acid that repeats in both artificial mRNAs is Threonine, and we see its pattern ACA also repeated.
So, we could assign this codon (ACA) to threonine.
We can then assume that the pattern CAC codifies for histidine since we only get this two polypeptides in the first mRNA.
Lastly with the information provided we cannot determine the codons AAC and CAA for glutamine or asparagine. We would need further experiments.
Answer: hypotonic, isotonic, hypertonic
Explanation: The tonicity of a solution depends in part on its concentration of the solute that can not pass the membrane (non penetrating solute) relative to that inside the cell.
Hypotonic solution (hypo means less): contains less concentration of non penetrating solute relative to that inside the cell. Water will enter the cell and the cell will swell and late.
Isotonic solution (Iso means same): it contains thesame solute relative to that in the cell, there will be no net movement of water across the plasma membrane.
Hypertonic solution (hyper means more) Hypertonic solution contain more solute relative to that in the cell. Hence the cell will lose water to its environment and may shrink and die.
