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Industrial waste. Industrial waste is the waste produced by industrial activity which includes any material that is rendered useless during a manufacturing process such as that of factories, industries, mills, and mining operations. It has existed since the start of the Industrial Revolution.
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FaithRawlins14
Discovery of structure of DNA by Franklin and Watson and Crick.
Explanation:
Rosalind Franklin was researching about DNA structure at the King’s College at London based on x-ray diffraction studies; while, Crick and Watson were researching on the same at the Cambridge University based on Linus Pauling discovery of proteins.
Once when Watson happen to listen to Franklin’s lecture upon DNA structure and how it depends on relative humidity of the air and other facts relating to DNA; he along with Crick made physical DNA models which became a big failure.
Later, Franklin found that a wet form of DNA with high humidity had a helix like structure. This point became the base of later discovery of Watson and Crick’s double helix model of DNA along with the discovery of DNA molecules being made up of double chain of nucleotides.
The binding of sugars are called glycosidic bonds. These bonds are covalent bonds which, by definition, surround the anomeric carbon of a monosaccharide. Contrary to popular belief, the glycosidic bond does not necessarily have to be between two monosaccharides, just think about what happens in nucleotides, for example, where ribose establishes a glycosidic bond with the nitrogen base. Of course, it can also involve two monosaccharides, as is the case with bonds in oligosaccharides or polysaccharides, but this is not required to happen.
When a glycosidic bond is established, a water molecule is released and is therefore a condensation reaction. The oxygen atom and one hydrogen are released from the anomeric carbon, while the second hydrogen atom is released from the atom to which the anomeric carbon will bind.
Glycosidic bonds are also called alpha or beta bonds. This nomenclature depends on the configuration of the anomeric carbon involved in the glycosidic bond. That is, if the anomeric carbon is in the alpha configuration, the bond is of the alpha type, if it is in the beta configuration, the bond is of the beta type.
For greater understanding, please note the image below.
He should use a blue litmus paper to test if it’s acidic because if the solution is acidic then the blue litmus will turn red