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8_murik_8 [283]
4 years ago
5

Lavoisier proposed that all matter is composed from the same _____. atoms elements molecules gases

Chemistry
1 answer:
lbvjy [14]4 years ago
5 0

Answer: -

Lavoisier proposed that all matter is composed from the same elements.

Explanation: -

Lavoisier was a french chemist. He was a pioneer of stoichiometry. He proposed that all matter, irrespective of the physical state, is composed from the same elements.

Thus water, ice and water vapor all have the elements hydrogen and oxygen in the same ratio 2:1.

Lavoisier also was the one who defined the element as something which cannot be further broken down into simpler substances by any chemical means.

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Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope that decays according to first-order kinetics in a process that has a half-life of 5730 years
Sliva [168]

Answer : The time passed in years is 2.83\times 10^3\text{ years}

Explanation :

Half-life = 5730 years

First we have to calculate the rate constant, we use the formula :

k=\frac{0.693}{t_{1/2}}

k=\frac{0.693}{5730\text{ years}}

k=1.21\times 10^{-4}\text{ years}^{-1}

Now we have to calculate the time passed.

Expression for rate law for first order kinetics is given by:

t=\frac{2.303}{k}\log\frac{a}{a-x}

where,

k = rate constant  = 1.21\times 10^{-4}\text{ years}^{-1}

t = time passed by the sample  = ?

a = let initial amount of the reactant  = X g

a - x = amount left after decay process = 71\% \times (x)=\frac{71}{100}\times (X)=0.71Xg

Now put all the given values in above equation, we get

t=\frac{2.303}{1.21\times 10^{-4}}\log\frac{X}{0.71X}

t=2831.00\text{ years}=2.83\times 10^3\text{ years}

Therefore, the time passed in years is 2.83\times 10^3\text{ years}

8 0
3 years ago
Which of the following observations indicates that there is a small, dense, positively charged part in the center of an atom?
ser-zykov [4K]

Answer:

Option D

Explanation:

Rutherford deduced that the atomic nucleus was positively charged because the alpha particles that he fired at the metal foils were positively charged, and like charges repel. Alpha particles consist of two protons and two neutrons, so they are positively charged. In Rutherford's experiments most of the alpha particles passed straight through the foil without being deflected. However, occasionally the alpha particles were deflected in their paths, and rarely the alpha particles were deflected backward at a 180 degree angle.

Since like charges repel, Rutherford concluded that the cause of the deflections of the positively charged alpha particles had to be something within the atom that was also positively charged. Rutherford concluded from his metal foil experiments that most of an atom is empty space with a tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus at the center that contains most of the mass of the atom.

7 0
4 years ago
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