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Vitek1552 [10]
3 years ago
7

Give the approximate temperature (in K) at which creep deformation becomes an important consideration for each of the following

metals: nickel, copper, iron, tungsten, lead, and aluminum.
Engineering
1 answer:
andrezito [222]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

691K, 543K, 725K, 1473K, 240K, 373K

Explanation:

Creep deformation of any metal is the transformational tendency of a metal to distort rapidly or slowly when attacked by any form of mechanical stress. The temperature significant for a metal to deform is gotten by the division of the actual temperature of the metal by its melting point. This is termed homologous temperature which is 0.4 or higher. It is calculated by the equation:

0.4Tm

Therefore for the listed metals...

For Nickel, 0.4Tm = 0.4 ×(1455 + 273) = 691 K

For Copper, 0.4Tm = 0.4 ×(1085 + 273) = 543 K

For Iron, 0.4Tm = 0.4 ×(1538 + 273) = 725 K

For Tungsten, 0.4Tm = 0.4 ×(3410 + 273) = 1473 K

For Lead, 0.4Tm = 0.4 × (327 + 273) = 240 K

For Aluminium, 0.4Tm = 0.4 ×(660 + 273) = 373 K

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Answer:

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Explanation:

To know which is most or least cost-effective, it's not enough to look at only the per day rate, or only the time to complete.  You have to multiply them to get the total cost of the project.

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A binary geothermal power plant uses geothermal water at 160°C as the heat source. The cycle operates on the simple Rankine cycl
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A binary geothermal power operates on the simple Rankine cycle with isobutane as the working fluid. The isentropic efficiency of the turbine, the net power output, and the thermal efficiency of the cycle are to be determined

Assumptions :

1.  Steady operating conditions exist.

2.  Kinetic and potential energy changes are negligible.

Properties:  The specific heat of geothermal water ( c_{geo}[) is taken to be 4.18 kJ/kg.ºC.  

Analysis (a) We need properties of isobutane, we can obtain the properties from EES.

a. Turbine

PP_{3} = 3.25mPa = (3.25*1000) kPa\\= 3250kPa\\from the EES TABLE\\h_{3} = 761.54 kJ/kg\\s_{3} = 2.5457 kJ/kg\\P_{4} = 410kPa\\\\s_{4} = s_{3} \\h_{4s} = 470.40kJ/kg\\\\T_{4} = 179.5^{0} C\\\\h_{4} = 689.74 kJ/KG\\\\ The  isentropic  efficiency, n_{T} = \frac{h_{3}-h_{4}  }{h_{3}- h_{4s} }

==\frac{761.54-689.74}{761.54-670.40} \\=\frac{71.8}{91.14} \\=0.788

b. Pump

h_{1} = h_{f} @ 410kPa = 273.01kJ/kg\\v_{1} = v_{f} @ 410kPa = 0.001842 m^{3}/kgw_{p,in} =  \frac{v_{1}(P_{2}-P_{1})   }{n_{p} } \\\\= \frac{0.01842(3250-410)}{0.9} \\\\ =5.81kJ/kg\\h_{2} =h_{1} + w_{p,in}\\          = 273.01+5.81\\           = 278.82 kJ/kg\\\\w_{T,out} = m^{.}  (h_{3} -h_{4} )\\=(305.6)(761.54-689.74)\\=305.6(71.8)\\=21,942kW\\\\

W^{.} _ {P,in} = m^{.} (h_{2} -h_{1}) \\=m^{.}  w_{p,in \\=305.6(5.81)\\\\=1,777kW\\W^{.}  _{net} = W^{.} _{T, out} - W^{.}  _{P,in} \\= 21,942-1,777\\=20,166 kW\\\\HEAT EXCHANGER\\\\Q_{in} = m^{.} _{geo} c_{geo} (T_{in-T_{out} } )\\=555.9(4.18)(160-90)\\=162.656kW\\

c. The thermal efficiency of the cycle  n_{th}  =\frac{W^{.} _{net} }{Q^{._{in} } } \\\\= \frac{20,166}{162,656} \\=0.124\\=12.4%

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arlik [135]

Answer: The crown is not made of pure gold.

Explanation:

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So, if any body is weighed in air, the normal force will be equal to the gravity force (which we call weight) which can be expressed as follows:

Fg = m g = δ V g = 34.7 N

When submerged in water, the normal force is equal to the difference between the actual weight, and the upward force due to Archimedes' principle, called buoyant force, as follows:

Fn = Fg - Ep = δx. V. g - δH20 . V. g = 31.5 N

Dividing Fg between Fn, and simplifying common terms, we have:

δx / (δx - δh20) = 34.7 / 31.5 = 1.10

Solving for δx, we get the following value:

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3 years ago
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