I believe C- photosynthesis but I could be wrong.
It has less dense region and it is almost 3 dimensional.
All eukaryotic cells have membrane covered compartment called organelles. They include the nucleus, the Golgi, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and many others. So the answer is- organelles. ;)
Doppler blueshift is used in astronomy to determine relative motion: The Andromeda Galaxy is moving toward our own Milky Way galaxy within the Local Group; thus, when observed from Earth, its light is undergoing a blueshift.
If you're asking what 'controls' the cell, then that would be the nucleus. The king of the cell.