Answer:
1. genotypically
2. phenotypically
Explanation:
The genotype of an individual represents the total number and types of genes and the alleles of each gene present in the nuclei of its cells. In humans, the presence of two copies of X chromosomes makes an individual female. However, some individuals have two copies of X chromosomes but have masculine features. Similarly, some individuals have one X and one Y chromosomes in their cells. These individuals are genotypically males. But they have some feminine features. This makes them phenotypically female. Phenotype is the morphological expression of genotype.
Answer:
If you meant pemice in the first option, then that is your answer.
Answer:
I = 62.5%
Explanation:
<u>Available data</u>:
- the wild-type DND1 gene confers resistance to attain viruses. Strains are susceptible to viruses
- The EDS1 gene confers resistance to powdery mildew, a type of fungal infection
- The genes are linked, eight map units apart on chromosome
- A third gene, IR 1. imparts resistance to certain lepidopteran leafminers and is 10 map units from EDS1 and 18 map units from DNDI
- The observed double crossover rate is 0.3%
According to this information, we can picture the position of each gene in the chromosome
---DND1----------------------EDS1-----------------------------------IR1---
║---------- 8MU---------║------------------10MU-------------║
║------------------------------18MU------------------------------║
The map unit is the distance between the pair of genes for which one of every 100 meiotic products results in a recombinant product.
1% of recombinations = 1 map unit = 1cM. The maximum recombination frequency is always 50%.
So, if we know the distances between genes, we know their recombination percentages.
- DND1-EDS1 = 8 MU = 8% recombination
- EDSI-IR1 = 10 MU = 10% recombination
To calculate interference, first, we need to know the coefficient of coincidence, CC.
CC= observed double recombinant frequency/expected double recombinant frequency
<em>Note: </em>
- observed double recombinant frequency=total number of observed double recombinant individuals/total number of individuals
- expected double recombinant frequency: recombination frequency in region I x recombination frequency in region II.
CC= (0.003)/(0.08 x 0.1)
CC=0.003/0.008
CC=0.375
CC = 37.5%
The coefficient of interference, I, is complementary with CC.
I = 1 - CC
I = 1 - 0.375
I = 0.625
I = 62.5%
Answer:
Xᵇ Xᴮ : tortoiseshell female;
Xᵇ Xᵇ : orange female;
Xᴮ Y: black male;
Xᵇ Y: orange male.
Explanation:
The possible genotypes and phenotypes for coat color in cats is:
<u>Females</u>
- XᵇXᵇ: orange
- XᴮXᴮ: black
- XᴮXᵇ: tortoiseshell
<u>Males</u>
<u>Cross of an orange male and a tortoiseshell female</u>
XᵇY x XᴮXᵇ
The male produces the gametes Xᵇ and Y; the female produces the gametes Xᴮ and Xᵇ.
<u>The expected offspring resulting from the combination of those gametes is:</u>
- Xᵇ Xᴮ : tortoiseshell female
- Xᵇ Xᵇ : orange female
- Xᴮ Y: black male
- Xᵇ Y: orange male