Answer:
1- The proposal would be to improve education in Brazil through full-time school education, where children and teenagers could have different classes and courses, such as courses in foreign languages and professional training, with monetary incentives for children who got good grades.
2- The main challenges foreseen for the inclusion of the integral school in Brazil could be population adhesion, lack of funds and legislative bureaucracy. Such challenges could culminate in school dropouts, lack of resources to hire new professionals, school structure and materials, in addition to a long delay in the approval of the educational change project.
3- The difficulty of solving social problems in any society is a complex task because such problems occur for structural reasons that would impact the way that society organizes itself politically, socially and culturally. There are also institutional problems such as political corruption that makes it difficult to develop a fairer and more egalitarian society for the entire population.
This is the differential weathering.
Weathering is in general the phenomenon of rock disintegration and if different rocks disintegrate at different pace then it is differential.
Purchasing power is required in order for someone to spend money.
Purchasing power means that someone has the ability to purchase
something (a product or service). Having confidence is not enough to
allow you to purchase something. You can't walk into a store with no
money or goods to barter and walk out with the product or service. Less
disposable income is more likely to lead to less purchasing power. In
order to purchase something, you need to give up something in order to
get what you want, generally you give up money. If you don't have
something you can easily give up, like money, you have less disposable
income.