a. The self-driving vehicle industry is changing too much for the top-down approach to be effective.
b. The top-down approach can only be applied to specific business functions.
c. The top-down approach leaves other employees uncertain about their roles in the company.
d. The top-down approach is expensive to maintain, leaving the company at a competitive disadvantage.
Answer:
a. The self-driving vehicle industry is changing too much for the top-down approach to be effective.
Explanation:
The top-down approach is a model in which there is a hierarchical style and the decisions are made by the manager and then informed down the organizational chart and the lower levels have to accept the decisions. In this approach, people in the lower levels have low participation and influence on the decisions and as the firm's industry is changing too much, this people would posses crucial information and specialized knowledge that the top level might not have and because of that, this approach might not be effective. According to that, the answer is that this scenario is wrong because the self-driving vehicle industry is changing too much for the top-down approach to be effective.
A budgeting procedure that includes the enter and negotiation of numerous layers of control describes the control philosophy of Participative budgeting.
The required details for Participative budgeting in given paragraph
Participative budgeting is a procedure below which humans impacted with the aid of using a price range are actively concerned within side the price range advent procedure. This method offers lower-stage managers a more feel of possession within side the ensuing price range. A basically participative price range does now no longer take high-stage strategic issues into account, so control desires to offer personnel with hints concerning the general path of the business enterprise and the way their man or woman departments suit into it. When participative budgeting is used for the duration of an business enterprise, the initial budgets paintings their manner up via the company hierarchy, being reviewed and probably changed with the aid of using mid-stage managers alongside the manner.
Advantages of Participative Budgeting
This bottom-up method to budgeting has a tendency to create budgets which might be greater workable than are top-down budgets which might be imposed on a business enterprise with the aid of using senior control, with tons much less worker participation.
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Answer::Leader-Member exchange , Out group members
Explanation:Leader-Member exchange theory is a relationship based theory of leadership that exists between the leading managers and their n employees together with their interaction with each other leading to a productive workplace environment for both individuals.
The created relationship can either succeed when there is trust and mutual respect leading to effective employees or fail by producing undesired result in terms of a hostile relationship leading to low efficiency and productivity from employees
According to the leader member exchange theory, leaders tend to create different relationships with followers by forming two groups----- in group members and out group members
of which the outgroup members are given less responsibilities with less attention and work outside the leaders inner circle of communication and therefore are less likely to engage in organizational citizenship than other employees.
Answer:
sandwiches
Explanation:
supplier has plenty of spare capacity to increase output
high stocks levels are available to meet raising demand
short production time frame to get products to market
easy of factor substitution is high
Answer:
One of the major disadvantages of a sole proprietorship is Unlimited Liability The Owner Has For The Debts Of The Firm.
