<span>The immune system is the body's natural defense mechanism against organisms that can cause infection.There are three types of mechanisms:
1. Cellular :</span><span> refers to the recognition and/or killing of virus and virus-infected cells by leukocytes and the production of different soluble factors (cytokines) by these cells when stimulated by virus or virus-infected cells
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2. Structural: </span>barriers and the immune system defend the body<span> against organisms that can cause infection. </span>Natural<span> barriers include the skin, mucous membranes, tears, earwax, mucus, and stomach acid.
3. Chemical: </span><span>Some of these include the low pH of the stomach, which inhibits the growth of pathogens; blood proteins that bind and disrupt bacterial cell membranes; and the process of urination, which flushes pathogens from the urinary tract.
</span><span>antibodies - chemical
tissues lining hollow organs - cellular
phagocytes - cellular
skin - structural
antigen - chemical
leukocytes - cellular</span>
There are three ways you can solve this problem:
1.- You can guide yourself through knowledge, and therefore know the answer. There isn´t much to explain here.
2.- You can eliminate obvious options such as sarcodina or apicomplexa. Euglenoid isn´t an extremely obvious removal since it has a flagela, which can be mistook by a hairy-structure. But, if you do things correctly, obtaining your answer wont be a problem.
3.- You can do an etymologic-guess, which works really well in biology. If you guide yourself this way, you´ll bump into the answer quickly --> "cilio" means hair and according to the description the specimen was covered in hairy structures.
Hope it helped,
BiologiaMagister
The lagging strand runs in a 5’ to 3’ direction and is replicated discontinuously.
<h3>Why a discontinuous or delayed tape?</h3>
The other strand, called delayed, is replicated discontinuously. In this case, the presence of Okazaki fragments is necessary, small pieces of DNA that will bind to form a new strand. - DNA is degraded by two types of enzymes.
The ends of a DNA strand are classified as 5' and 3', as they correspond to the carbon number of the pentose where the phosphate and hydroxyl (OH) group are located, which join in a phosphodiester bond.
See more about DNA at brainly.com/question/264225
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<span>coacervates > heterotrophic prokaryotes > chemosynthetic prokaryotes > photosynthetic</span>
Answer:
C. Plants that do not require water?
Explanation:
This is definitely not a benefit of genetically modified foods lol
