Britain, in the late 1700s to the early 1800s.
Answer: long term (b)
Explanation:
The three distinct stages of memory includes : sensory, short term and long term
The moon is nothing but a oight mirror of the sun. So some light from the sun lights a part of the moon(depending on it's position) . On different days the moon has different position(taking sun as reference) so it is diferently lighted. This creates the phases
This is only true per square mile or square kilometer, but it's false generally (so I would say that the statement is false).
For example, Hong Kong and Macau have by far higher population density (with Macau said to have the biggest population density in the world) than mainland China, but Mainland China has a larger population.
Option B
0.5 km
0.5 km = 50000 centimetres