Answer:
The hypothesis that eukaryotic cells evolved from a symbiotic association of prokaryotes—endosymbiosis—is particularly well supported by studies of mitochondria and chloroplasts, which are thought to have evolved from bacteria living in large cells.
Explanation: Both mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar to bacteria in size, and like bacteria, they reproduce by dividing in two. Most important, both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA, which encodes some of their components. The mitochondrial and chloroplast DNAs are replicated each time the organelle divides, and the genes they encode are transcribed within the organelle and translated on organelle ribosomes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts thus contain their own genetic systems, which are distinct from the nuclear genome of the cell. Furthermore, the ribosomes and ribosomal RNAs of these organelles are more closely related to those of bacteria than to those encoded by the nuclear genomes of eukaryotes.
Explanation:
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Answer: -1835 kJ
Explanation:
According to Hess’s law of constant heat summation, the heat absorbed or evolved in a given chemical equation is the same whether the process occurs in one step or several steps.
According to Hess’s law, the chemical equation can be treated as algebraic expressions and can be added or subtracted to yield the required equation. That means the enthalpy change of the overall reaction is the sum of the enthalpy changes of the intermediate reactions.
(1)
(2)
Net chemical equation:
(3)
Multiplying equation (1) by 4, and reversing we get
(4)
Adding (2) and (4)
Thus enthaply change for the reaction is -1835 kJ.
Answer:
4)Particle Arrangement
Explanation:
When solid carbon dioxide CO₂ will evaporate in gaseous carbon dioxide CO₂ the particles arrangement will change from ordered in solid state to completely disordered in gaseous state.
Bond type, gram formula mass and molecular polarity are not changed in the described physical transformation.
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