An atom is the smallest known unit and it is present in all the matter. The space occupied by atom is divided into two components: the nucleus and orbitals. The nucleus is the center of the atom, and orbitals surround the nucleus.
Location of protons-
Protons are positively charged particles within atoms. Each atom has at least one proton. The number of protons determine the identity of an atom.Protons reside in the nucleus of the atom.
Location of Electron-
Electrons travel around the nucleus in the orbital. Electrons are negatively charged particles. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons and protons are same. Though they are much smaller than protons but have the same strength charge.
Location of Neutrons-
Neutrons are located with protons in the nucleus. They have no charge and have the same mass as protons. Not all atoms have neutrons, and the number of neutrons is not usually the same as protons or electrons.
Part B-
I agree with Jane's statement as an aluminium atom has a dense central nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons, The protons and neutrons are closely packed in the center an 13 electrons are surrounding this center.
