Imperialists seeked possession of colonies that had extractive economies because they wanted to gain the advantage of the global resources.
India, China, east Africa, and Spain
Common good means for the good of the public or the many. One example of a scenario of contributing to the common good is that a person follows the laws of the country like traffic. It is a common good because following the rules will give order thus contributes to the common good while not following the rules only served the person own's interest.
John Winthrop helped changed the Government of Massachusetts with moderation. Massachusetts was a very conservative and religious colony at the time. But he was popular because he governed with "modern sensibilities." He fought against very conservative figures as well as very liberal figures in the colony.