Answer:
External locus of control
Explanation:
Mark failed his last test and blamed it on the fact that the test was poorly written and the room was too noisy for him to concentrate, not because he didn't study for the test. Mark would be said to have an External locus of control.
Answer:
Their land is flat, they have few trees in the west, the soil is rich, they grow wheat and corn, and raise cattle.
I believe the answer is: Learned helplessness
Learned helplessness refers to a condition when a certain organism (including human) is exposed to a situation where it's forced to constantly experience unavoidable negative stimuli (i.e: pain).
Overtime, this would most likely make that organism to accept its fate without making any effort to avoid the negative stimuli again.