arbon, as with many elements, can arrange its atoms into several different geometries, or "allotropes." In pure diamond, every carbon atom is covalently bonded to exactly 4 other carbon atoms in a very specific and energetically favorable geometry. The diamond cannot be broken or scratched unless many covalent bonds are broken, which is difficult to do. In another common allotrope, graphite, every carbon atom is covalently bonded to only 3 other carbon atoms, and the atoms are arranged in sheets that are not covalently bonded to each other. The sheets can be broken apart easily, ultimately meaning that graphite can be easily scratched. Coal is composed of particles of different allotropes of carbon, and some "amorphous carbon," which has no defined geometry in its atomic structure. Without a continuous network of covalent bonds, coal is easily scratched (i.e. it is not hard).
Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). ... Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome, which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins. -google
The goal is ultimately to cure diseases in hereditary, disabilities, and treat viruses and it faces some obstacles like ethics, other diseases can develop, and fundingthe goal is ultimately to cure diseases in hereditary, disabilities, and treat viruses and it faces some obstacles like ethics, other diseases can develop, and funding
