Battle of the Antietam September 17 1862, on the day there was no clear winner on the battle field even though there were 23000 casualties. But strategic winner was the north. General Lee withdrew his troops from Maryland and was never seen there again.
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In the postwar period, under a melancholic and bellicose climate, the literary genre that developed most strongly was the war literature. This genre, which had been sketched in Napoleon's times, carried the trenches and battlefields as a backdrop.
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Human autonomy is the key concept of Enlightenment ideas. This passage relates to those ideas because Napoleon is refering to the importance of reason over beliefs. When he says "the souls of men proceed along different roads" he is also claiming that any religion is valid to feel close to the creator. In a sense Napoleon makes reference to secularization (the idea of religion and politics should be separated and that one's method of worship should be a private matter). That is why he claims that he could be Catholic, Muslim, or Jew.
Well, fear is created when there is a threat. WW2 Had just ended, so of course America did not want any other nation to become more powerful than them, for the idea that it would end up being like Germany. Americans also wanted to protect democracy, so communism was a major threat to the USA and it's beliefs. Naturally, America wanted to prove dominance to the USSR, thus the beginning of the cold war.
