From the point of view of the radical republicans, the main flaw in president johnson's amnesty plan for former confederate officials was that it was far to lenient.
Germany was unhappy because it lost WWI, and lost land and priveledges due to Treaty of Versailles. Italy was unhappy because they joined the Allies in WWI at the last minute, hoping to gain land after winning the war.
The best option from the list would be that "<span>d. Both sought to preserve Chinese tradition and culture from outside influences like Christianity and Japanese Buddhism by erecting barriers to cultural interactions with the west and the east," since they were more focussed on the preservation of tradition and culture. </span>
