Mathematical induction is a 2 step mathematical technique which is used to prove a statement, a formula or a theorem is true for every natural number.
Step 1 (Base step) - It proves that a statement is true for the initial value.
Step 2 (Inductive step) - It proves that if the statement is true for the nth iteration (or number n), then it is also true for (n + 1)th iteration (or number n + 1)
