D) Different states have different precedents regarding what defines a white person as opposed to a black person.
The excerpt specifically says that what defines a person as being black "is a difference of opinion in the different states." In NC "any visible admixture of black blood" defines a person as a black person. In OH, "it depends upon the preponderance of blood. In Michigan and Virginia, "white blood must only be in the proportion of three-fourths". This shows that there is not a best way to define race. Also, B is not correct because Michigan and Virginia use the same definition so they are in agreement at least. Option C is not correct because some states do not agree with this.
Brainstorming: produce an idea or way of solving a problem by holding a spontaneous group discussion