At the inner mitochondrial membrane, a high energy electron is passed along an electron transport chain. The energy released pumps hydrogen out of the matrix space.
Answer: a mediating factor
Contemporary life<span>-events approach emphasizes how a life event influences the individual's development. The latter depends not only on the life event, but also on meditating factors, the individual's adaptation to the life event, the life-stage), the life-stage context, and the socio-historical context. </span>
<span>Alexis health issue is considered a mediating factor.</span>
Answer:
target cell
Explanation:
Cell communication includes one or more signaling cells and the target cell. Signaling cells produce signals. In the case of chemical signaling, the signaling cells produce chemical signals such as hormones or neurotransmitters or ligands. Target cells are the cells that respond to a specific signal produced by the signaling cell.
To receive and respond towards the signal, the target cells produce receptors where the signaling molecules bind to produce the desired effects in the target cells. For instance, liver and muscle cells are one of the primary target cells for the pancreatic hormone insulin.
Answer:
by the sarcoplasmic reticulum's calcium ion pumps
Explanation:
Rigor mortis or postmortem rigidity, is a state caused by chemical changes in the muscles that occur post mortem and cause the limbs of the corpse to stiffen.
This occurs because after death, there is no cellular respiration and consequently, no oxygen nor ATP (ATP is required for the muscle relaxation).
Calcium enters the cytosol after death because it is released due to the deterioration of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and due to the breakdown of the sarcolemma. Ca2+ ions activate the formation of actin-myosin cross-bridging necessary for the contraction. Muscles are unable to relax, because myosin heads continue to bind with the active sites of actin and there is no ATP to destabilize the myosin-actin bond.
A fern is a vascular plant.
