Whenever a research is done, you must reject or accept a null hypothesis (the one you consider is not correct) or your work hypothesis (the theory you think is must probably accurate or close to the truth) usually, when performing a research, you will not always obtain positive or statistically significant results, that validate your hypothesis. Is actually, not unusual that extremes (or extraordinary results) come out (unexpected for several reasons: incorrect size of the sample, improper selection of the subjects- a bias- lack of correct determination of the variable measured or failure to determine the type of the variable-numerical, categorical, ratio,etc-)
Positive or negative results are yet, results whether they prove or reject your hypothesis. Failing to establish a scientific hypothesis does not necessarily mean that they did something wrong, it just says that the hypothesis tested does not approach correctly to the epistemological truth (ultimately, any research is only a mere approximation to reality). Therefore, when two scientists deny sharing<em> unusual results</em>, they are acting unethically, hiding results that can mean something from a different point of view.
reference
Nicholson, R. S. (1989). On being a scientist. Science, 246(4928), 305-306.
Eyos comen verdudas, pescaro, y herbas.
Answer:
b. disclosure
Explanation:
In the business setting of buying and selling of shares and stocks, the buyer might have not have an indepth knowledge of the companies he or she is buying from hence the need to engage the services of a broker to cover such part.
The duties of the broker is diverse with far reaching effect but the most common duty which serves as a broker's obligation to the client is the <u>disclosure.</u>
The broker owes it a duty to offer full disclosure to his or client regarding to a particular stock tranactions- that is the gains and the bad sides of such. Since he is paid to offer such services, it is expected of him to do indepth study of any stock before offering his expertise advice. <em>It would be bad for a stock broker to offer his client a stock worth penniless in real life but might looks healthy on papers due to the financial manipulations done by the country.</em>
Answer:
Interactionism.
Explanation:
William I. Thomas observed that people respond not only to the objective features of a situation or person, but also to the social meaning that situation or person has for them. This observation reflects the <em>interactionist perspective</em>. According to the Thomas theorem, people do not react to reality but to what they perceive as real. Definitions of what is "real" differ between individuals. People interpret their world and they act accordingly. The way people interpret the world comes from social institutions such as family.
Maybe the fact that others are cheating with them.
