Mercantilism is a policy that is designed to maximize the exports and minimize the imports for an economy. It promotes imperialism, tariffs and subsidies on traded goods to achieve that goal. These policies aim to reduce a possible current account deficit or reach a current account surplus.
2) I will add up all the salaries and divide by the total number of items, I will give you the mean, but be careful when interpreting the mean because it might be misleading.