Question

P is a rectangle with a length 40 cm and width x cm

Answer 1

The first thing we must do for this case is to look for the area of each rectangle.
 We have then:
 A1 = (40) * (x)
 A2 = (1.25 * 40) * (y)
 Then, we have the following relationship between areas:
 "the area of Q is 10% less than the area of p"
 A2 = 0.9 * A1
 Substituting values we have:
 (1.25 * 40) * (y) = 0.9 * ((40) * (x))
 We rewrite:
 50y = 36x
 The relationship x: y is:
 x / y = (50) / (36)
 Simplifying:
 x / y = (25) / (18)
 Answer:
 the ratio of x:y is:
 25:18