The name of the embedded protein that provides a channel for the hydrogen ions to pass through the membrane is ATP synthase.
ATP synthase is a protein that catalyzes the formation of the energy storage molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP) using adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). It is classified under ligases as it changes ADP by the formation of P-O bond (phosphodiester bond). ATP synthase is a molecular machine.
The overall reaction catalyzed by ATP synthase is:
ADP + Pi + 2H+(out) ⇌ ATP + H2O + 2H+(in)
The formation of ATP from ADP and Pi is energetically unfavorable and would normally proceed in the reverse direction. In order to drive this reaction forward, ATP synthase couples ATP synthesis during cellular respiration to an electrochemical gradient created by the difference in proton (H+) concentration across the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes or the plasma membrane in bacteria. During photosynthesis in plants, ATP is synthesized by ATP synthase using a proton gradient created in the thylakoid lumen through the thylakoid membrane and into the chloroplast stroma.
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Answer:
Cell phones emit radiofrequency energy, a form of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, which can be absorbed by tissues close to the phone. The amount of radiofrequency energy a person is exposed to depends on the frequency of the signal and the amount of time they spend on the phone. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and the American Cancer Society (ACS) all agree that more research is needed to determine the possible health effects of cell phone use. So far, there is no scientific evidence that proves that cell phone use causes cancer. Some studies have suggested a possible link between cell phone use and cancer, but more research is needed to confirm these results. The ACS does not recommend limiting cell phone use because the risk of cancer is still unknown.
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Explanation:
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Answer:
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