Explanation:
Calcium chloride is an ionic compound as it is formed by transfer of an electron to each chlorine atom.
So, being an ionic compound calcium chloride is able to dissociate completely into water.
Hence, the dissociation reaction will be as follows.

Since, two electrons has been lost by single calcium atom. Therefore, calcium atom will have a charge of +2.
Thus, we can conclude that the charge on the calcium ion, in elementary units is +2.
Changing the volume increases the area that the molecules collide with so the force is spread over a larger area.
Answer:
P=atm

Explanation:
The problem give you the Van Der Waals equation:

First we are going to solve for P:


Then you should know all the units of each term of the equation, that is:







where atm=atmosphere, L=litters, K=kelvin
Now, you should replace the units in the equation for each value:

Then you should multiply and eliminate the same units which they are dividing each other (Please see the photo below), so you have:

Then operate the fraction subtraction:
P=

And finally you can find the answer:
P=atm
Now solving for b:




Replacing units:

Multiplying and dividing units,(please see the second photo below), we have:



It is mostly used in applications that need measuring substances that would have a<span> relatively neutral pH . </span>A<span> common use is for measuring the presence of carbonic </span>acid<span> in </span>a<span> liquid. so yes its acidic</span>