There are many ways an artist can create a sense of movement in a piece of artwork, from blurring the back of a character to show movement, or showing the movement through air waves, arrows, and others. They can also make the character look like it is moving, and make the ground have more lines parallel to the movement, which will show movement.
hope this helps
This artwork was painted by Johannes Vermeer in 1665. The artwork is called Girl with a Pearl Earring.
