Answer: 3. Punishing behaviour that deviates from the terminal behaviour
Explanation: shaping procedure is the process of reinforcing successively closer approximations to a desired terminal behavior. It usually starts by reinforcing a behaviour that the individual already has and in some way related to the terminal (desired) behaviour; this is the first approximaion. After this is strengthened, the reinforcement is extinguished and then the next behaviour which is a closer approximation is strengthened and eventually extinguished.
This process continues with each approximation closer to the terminal behaviour until the terminal behaviour is achieved. For every step or approximation, the previous reinforcement has to be extinguished in order to move the process closer to the end goal, which is the terminal (desired) behaviour.
Answer:
D - unjustifiable attitude; negative behavior. Prejudice is an unjustifiable attitude and discrimination a negative behavior.
Explanation:
Prejudice involves inflexible and irrational attitudes and opinions held by an individual of another individual. Discrimination refers to behaviors directed against a certain individual against another group. It Prejudice means to have preconceived beliefes about a person, a group, an activity, etc, whilst discrimination, could be said, is taking the prejudice forward and act according to it.
Answer:
a. unity.
Explanation:
Principle of unity: The term "principle of unity" is also referred as "principle of harmony", and is described as a significant principle related to design that gives a particular artwork a sense of coherence or cohesion. It is described as completeness or wholeness of a particular picture. Unity generally measures or identifies the way different elements of an individual's design work together.
In the question above, the given statement signifies the consciousness principle of unity.
At the beginning of the great war, many people were actually enthusiastic about the war (and at least supported it), which was fuelled by nationalism ( and the desire to prove themselves better than other nations) and perhaps hopes for territory gain; at the time it was not known that the Great War would come with such a great loss of life.
Elitist still believe that few individuals still control enormous resources.