Mutations are changes that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors such as UV light and cigarette smoke.
They increase the genetic variation within a species because they can create entirely new alleles in a population, random mating, random fertilization, and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis which reshuffles alleles within an organism's offspring.
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Answer:
In terms of adaptation, fitness refers to the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in a constantly changing environment.
Adaptive traits are very much important in a constantly changing environment as they increase the chances of survival of a population in the environment.
For example, Darwin's finches adapted to develop different types of beaks in order to get nutrition in different environments. Long necks of giraffes are also considered as a result of adaptation which helps them get the food located high on trees.
The process for connecting two monomers together is called dehydration synthesis. Dehydration means
“removal of water” and synthesis means “to join together”. So in this
process, two monomers are covalently bonded by the removal of a
water molecule. Each organic monomer has a hydroxyl group on
one side and a hydrogen on the other. When two monomers line
up side by side, they will have these two functional groups facing one
another. The H and the OH will break off of their respective
monomers and bond forming a water molecule. This is the dehydration
part of the process. Each monomer now has a carbon atom that needs
to covalently bond with something, so they bind to each other forming
a polymer. That is the synthesis part of the process.
There are 6 carbon atoms in a glucose molecule. I hope this helps you☺
