Pelagibacter<span> ubique is one of the smallest known free-living bacterium with a length of 0.37-0.89 </span>μm<span> and an average cell diameter of 0.12-0.20 </span>μm<span>.</span>
Antibiotics can have side effects.
When children take antibiotics at the first sign of an ear infection, they are more likely to have vomiting, diarrhea, and allergic reactions because of the medicine. Also, antibiotics can kill “friendly” germs in the body and cause other problems like diarrhea.
Over-use of antibiotics is a problem.
Antibiotics can help drug-resistant bacteria grow. These bacteria are harder to kill. They can cause illnesses that are harder to cure and more costly to treat. This increases the risk of complications and side effects. The resistant bacteria can also infect other people.
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Answer:
Bridgham et al. (2006) showed that the interaction between a steroid hormone (aldosterone-M) and its receptor (mineralocorticoid) evolved by Darwinian gradualism. In this work, the authors demonstrated a primitive affinity between the hormone and its receptor that was initially present in chemically similar but more ancient ligands. This result has implications in understanding the association between gene duplication and the evolution of hormone signaling pathways. For example, in invertebrates, this work reinforces the importance of gene duplication in the existing interaction between paralogous glucocorticoid receptors and their receptor mineralocorticoid genes that were derived from duplication (Thornton 2001).
The publications above cited are the following:
J.T. Bridgham, S.M. Carroll, and J.W. Thornton (2006). Evolution of hormone-receptor complexity by molecular exploitation. Science, 312(5770), 97-101.
JW Thornton. Evolution of vertebrate steroid receptors from an ancestral estrogen receptor by ligand exploitation and serial genome expansions, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (PNAS), 2001, vol. 98 10 (pg. 5671-5676).
During human gestation, rudiments of all organs develop in the first trimester.
<h3>What is the first trimester?</h3>
- Most people (including your doctors and midwives) divide a full-term pregnancy, which lasts about 9 months, into three 'trimesters'.
- The first trimester of pregnancy is measured from the first day of your last period to week 12, even though you are pregnant from the moment of conception, when a male sperm fertilizes your ovum (egg), when you become pregnant.
- This is so that the majority of women who conceive naturally won't be aware of the conception date.
- Because the changes that occur to you and your unborn child fall into the three general categories of early, middle, and late pregnancy first, second, and third trimesters are a useful way to think about pregnancy.
Learn more about trimester here:
brainly.com/question/24174987
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