Answer: An Organ System
Explanation: Vascular plants have two distinct organ systems: a shoot system, and a root system. The shoot system generally grows above ground, where it absorbs the light needed for photosynthesis. The root system, which supports the plants and absorbs water and minerals, is usually underground.
<span>Everyone has cells because these are the building
blocks of life. These tiny particles that clump into groups that form tissues,
organs, and organ systems are
what makes organisms distinct from non-living things that exist on Earth. Where
there are cells, life is present, and in its absence life cannot exist as we
know of today. Cells are responsible for bringing different species of
organisms that are found in different ecosystems all over Earth. They are tiny
but in groups they are responsible for every living organisms that have existed
through time. </span>
Explanation:
D. E: photosynthesis; D: cellular respiration
Photosynthesis is a chemical pathway that’s integral to producing energy in plants and other primary producers. Energy in the form of molecules of glucose is produced from light, water and carbon dioxide while oxygen is released. This occurs in several complex steps, photosynthesis is a rate limited reaction, depends on several factors including carbon dioxide concentration, ambient temperature and light intensity; the energy is retrieved from photons, I.e. particles of light, and water is used as a reducing agent.
In the light reactions, occuring within the thykaloid, and stroma of the chloroplasts, water supplies the pigment chlorophyll with replacement electrons for the ones removed from photosystem II. Additionally, water (H2O) split by light during photolysis into H+ and OH- acts as a source of oxygen along with functioning as a reducing agent; it reduces the molecule NADP to NADPH by providing H+ ions. NADP and NADPH are integral to the dark reactions, or Calvin cycle where monosaccharides or sugars like glucose are produced after the modification of several molecules.
Respiration in the mitochondria utilizes oxygen for the production of ATP in the Krebs’s cycle via the oxidization of pyruvate (through the process of glycoysis). The electron transport chain, in which oxygen functions as the terminal electron acceptor, occurs in both plants and animals. Respiration includes:
- Glycolysis: occurs in the cytoplasm 2 molecules of ATP are used to cleave glucose into 2 pyruvates, 4 ATP and 2 electron carrying NADH molecules.
- The Kreb's cycle: in the mitochondrial matrix- 6 molecules of CO2 are produced by combining oxygen and the carbon within pyruvate, 2 ATP oxygen molecules, 8 NADH and 2 FADH2.
- The electron transport chain, ETC: in the inner mitochondrial membrane, 34 ATP, electrons combine with H+ split from 10 NADH, 4 FADH2, renewing the number of electron acceptors and 3 oxygen; this forms 6 H2O, 10 NAD+, 4 FAD.
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Answer: B. meiosis
Explanation: Meiosis is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information. These cells are our sex cells – sperm in males, eggs in females. During meiosis one cell? divides twice to form four daughter cells.
Polar molecules occur when two atoms do not share electrons equally in a covalent bond. While polar molecules have two parts with opposite charges (i.e., positive and negative), nonpolar molecules have no dipole, meaning that there is molecular symmetry, which results in no opposing charges.
