An enzyme is sensitive to the environmental conditions. It is affected by various chemical and physical factors. Changes in the environmental factors denatures the enzyme.
4 Variable affecting an enzyme function are as follows:
1. pH: An enzyme is affected by change in pH. Every enzyme has its own specific pH at which it works ideally.
2. Temperature: An enzyme works best at ideal temperature. Increase or decrease in the temperature causes denaturation of enzyme.
3. ATP: Increase or decrease in the amount of ATP also affects the function of an enzyme.
4. Product: Increase or decrease in the amount of product also affects the ideal functioning of an enzyme.
The type of immunity that provides lifetime immunity for the body against a specific pathogen is called acquired immunity. It is also referred to as adaptive or specific immunity.
Acquired immunity is not present at birth. it is learned. As a person's immune system encounters foreign substances (antigens) the components of acquired immunity learn the best way to attack each antigen and begin to develop a memory for that antigen. Acquired immunity is also called specific immunity because it tailors its attack to a specific antigen previously encountered. Its uniqueness lies in its ability to learn, adapt and remember.
Acquired immunity takes time to develop after first exposure to a new antigen. However afterward, the antigen is remembered, and subsequent responses to that antigen are quicker and more effective than those that occurred after first exposure. Memory of a particular antigen is kept by the B and T lymphocytes.
<u>Sunspots</u> are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the Sun that appear as dark spots compared to surrounding regions. They are caused by intense magnetic activity.
Temperature can cause an enzymes shape and function to alter due to the fact that once an enzyme reaches its optimum level, if it goes over it begins to denature. If the temperature is below optimum, then an enzyme will work at a slower rate. Also, the pH can affect an enzyme.
