Answer:
The correct answer is (C)
Explanation:
Command economy is a type of economy in which the government has total control over the market. This type of government structure does not believe in a free-market economy and the government is solely responsible to produce goods and services. In that regard, Semput is controlled by the government and that makes Semput a command economy.
Answer:
Explanation:
The cost of equity can be estimated using two (2) different models:
- <em>The Dividend Valuation Model</em>
- <em>The capital asset pricing model (CAPM)</em>
<em>The Dividend Valuation Model(DVM) is a technique used to value the worth of an asset. According to this model, the value of an asset is the sum of the present values of the future cash flows would that arise from the asset discounted at the required rate of return. </em>
The model is stated below as follows
P = D(1+g)/ke-g)
<em>The capital asset pricing model (CAPM): relates the price of a share to the market risk or systematic risk. The systematic risk is that which affects all the all the economic agents, e.g inflation, interest rate e.t.c
</em>
<em>This model is considered superior to DVM. Hence, we will use the CAPM</em>
Using the CAPM , the expected return on a asset is given as follows:
E(r)= Rf +β(Rm-Rf)
E(r) =? , Rf- 2.86%, Rm-Rf - 7.00 β- 1.23
E(r) = 2.86% + 1.23× 7%
= 2.86% + 8.61%
= 11.47
%
Cost of equity= 11.47
%
Investors at Penny's candies have low expectations from the company since it has a very low P/E ratio. Either the company is not performing well or investors have discounted some bad news in future cash flows.
Whereas Donna's confections has a P/E of 6.7 which is much better than that of Penny's. So here the company is performing well and investors are positive on future good news and they expect the cash flows to improve and hence the stock rules at a higher P/E ratio
Answer:
a. Secured bonds - A secured bond is a bond that is issued with a collateral backing the loan.
b. Callable bonds - A bond that the issuer can call off, or pay off, at any time, not necessarily at maturity.
c. Convertible bonds - A bond that can be converted into equity (stocks). If the bondholder wishes, he can exchange his bond for ownership of stocks in the bond issuer firm.
d. Term bonds - A bond that has one single, specific maturity date.
e. Serial bonds - A bond that has several maturity dates.
The process of alliance management begins with selecting the most appropriate partner. Typically, alliance managers work in partnership with other companies to achieve what their company can not achieve alone. An alliance manager needs to know all the aspects of his company's business.