It's 3. After fighting in the revolutionary war, most of the founding fathers agreed that they wanted to step as far away from a strong ventral government since that's what they tried to escape in the first place. this then leads up to the 2nd continental congress being so weak, they can only advise the completely sovereign states from making bad decisions. otherwise known as the articles of confederation for when it gave full state power to basically act as if they were they're own nation.
Answer: They put villages by water sources, like rivers and lakes and oceans. These then grew into their cities.
It benefited in numerous ways but mainly it and maybe most importantly it gave them the access to the China trade. The Pacific route was also Spain's exclusively for a certain period of time and there was also a great need for silver in China which was supplied by the Spaniards from their silver mines.
It started to bring like an uprise in advance military and technology in countries. Which lead to see which country was like the most advanced or wtv
President Abraham Lincoln