Answer:
H₂CO₃ H₂O ⇄ HCO₃⁻ + H₃O⁺ Ka1
HCO₃⁻ + H₂O ⇄ CO₃⁻² + H₃O⁺ Ka2
CO₃⁻² + H₂O ⇄ HCO₃⁻ + OH⁻ Kb1
HCO₃⁻ + H₂O ⇄ H₂CO₃ + OH⁻ Kb2
Explanation:
Formula for carbonic acid is: H₂CO₃
It is a dyprotic acid, because it can release two protons. We can also mention that is a weak one. The equilibrums are:
H₂CO₃ H₂O ⇄ HCO₃⁻ + H₃O⁺ Ka1
HCO₃⁻ + H₂O ⇄ CO₃⁻² + H₃O⁺ Ka2
When the conjugate strong bases, carbonate and bicarbonate take a proton from water, the reactions are:
CO₃⁻² + H₂O ⇄ HCO₃⁻ + OH⁻ Kb1
HCO₃⁻ + H₂O ⇄ H₂CO₃ + OH⁻ Kb2
Notice, that bicarbonate anion can release or take a proton to/from water. This is called amphoteric,
Ni(OH)2+H2SO4=NiSO4+2H2O
Double Replacement Reaction
<u>Answer:</u> The pH of the solution is 12.9
<u>Explanation:</u>
To calculate the molarity of solution, we use the equation:

Given mass of KOH = 697 mg = 0.697 g (Conversion factor: 1 g = 1000 mg)
Molar mass of KOH = 56 g/mol
Volume of solution = 160 mL
Putting values in above equation, we get:

1 mole of KOH produces 1 mole of
ions and 1 mole of
ions
To calculate the pOH of the solution, we use the equation:
![pOH=-\log[OH^-]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pOH%3D-%5Clog%5BOH%5E-%5D)
We are given:
![[OH^-]=0.0778M](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BOH%5E-%5D%3D0.0778M)
Putting values in above equation, we get:

To calculate pH of the solution, we use the equation:

Hence, the pH of the solution is 12.9
Answer:
b) 
The confidence interval for this case is given (6.21, 6.59)
So we can conclude at 95% of confidence that the true mean for the PH concentration is between 6.21 and 6.59 moles per liter
c) Since the confidence interval not contains the value 7 we reject the hypothesis that the true mean is equal to 7. And the same result was obtained with the t test for the true mean.
Explanation:
We assume that part a is test the claim. And we can conduct the following hypothesis test:
Null hypothesis: 
Alternative hypothesis 
The statistic is to check this hypothesi is given by:

We know the following info from the problem:

Replacing we got:

And the p value would be:

Since the p value is very low compared to the significance assumed of 0.05 we have enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis that the true mean is equal to 7 moles/liter
Part b
The confidence interval is given by:

The confidence interval for this case is given (6.21, 6.59)
So we can conclude at 95% of confidence that the true mean for the PH concentration is between 6.21 and 6.59 moles per liter
Part c
Since the confidence interval not contains the value 7 we reject the hypothesis that the true mean is equal to 7. And the same result was obtained with the t test for the true mean.