The stimuli plants respond to will be found in the environment. Example....plants grow towars the sun.
<span>Cytotoxic t-cell subpopulations are specialized to combat intracellular pathogens, whereas helper t-cell subpopulations are specialized to combat extracellular pathogens.
</span>Cytotoxic t-cell are CD8+ cells. Cytotoxic t-cell uses granzymes to <span>kill </span><span>intracellular bacteria, that lives in the cytosol such as viruses. They identify the pathogen forgein peptids that are bounded to MHC-I on the cell surface.
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cd4+ T helper (Th) cells include Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells. They contribute to aliergic reactions and fighting extracellular parasites.
The main determinant of skin color is melanin
Answer:
Human Activities and Loss of Habitat.
Explanation:
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The right answer is CO2.
The degradation of glucose is either by respiration or by fermentation. In breathing we have a release of CO2.
Respiration refers to both gaseous exchange resulting from inhalation and expiration of the air (CO2 carbon dioxide release and oxygen O2 absorption) and cellular respiration that allows, by degrading glucose through oxygen , to obtain energy.
