Hi, to answer this question we have to analyze the information given:
<em>Number of students that took a cupcake: 12
</em>
<em>Percentage of students that took a vanilla cupcake: 25%
</em>
So, to obtain the number of students that picked a vanilla cupcake we simply have to multiply the number of students (12) by the percentage that took the vanilla ones. (25 %, in decimal form 25/100 =0.25)
Mathematically speaking:
12 x 0.25 = 3
3 students picked a vanilla cupcake.
Feel free to ask for more if needed or if you did not understand something.