<span>A. Leyte Gulf.
Upon the return of the Americans in the Philippines, the Battle on the Leyte Gulf emerged as one of the largest naval battles in history wherein the Americans are victorious against Japan.
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I believe it is a solution, sorry if wrong
There is only one measure of "evolutionary success": having more offspring. A "useful" trait gets conserved and propagated by the simple virtue of there being more next-generation individuals carrying it and particular genetic feature "encoding" it. That's all there is to it.
One can view this as genes "wishing" to create phenotypic features that would propagate them (as in "Selfish Gene"), or as competition between individuals, or groups, or populations. But those are all metaphors making it easier to understand the same underlying phenomenon: random change and environmental pressure which makes the carrier more or less successful at reproduction.
You will sometimes hear the term "evolutionary successful species" applied to one that spread out of its original niche, or "evolutionary successful adaptation" for one that spread quickly through population (like us or our lactase persistence mutation), but, again, that's the same thing.
<em>A megaphone used by a cheerleader can allow people on the opposite side of a field to hear her better because;</em>
D. Solid objects can change the direction of sound waves; megaphones allow users to determine the general direction of the sound.
<u>Determination of the general direction of the sound lessens its dispersion and thus, it reaches the observers at a higher intensity, hence it being louder.</u>
Diffusion. It follows the concentration gradient, moving from high to low.
